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Named Patient Program in India — How to Import Unapproved Medicines
Named Patient Program in India — How to Import Unapproved Medicines
In India, millions of patients live with rare, genetic, or life-threatening diseases where approved treatment options are limited or unavailable. According to government and published scientific estimates, over 70 million Indians may be affected by rare diseases. This covers nearly 7,000–8,000 distinct conditions, most of which have a genetic origin. Many of these disorders require highly specialized medicines that are often developed and approved outside India.
In such situations, the Named Patient Program in India (NPP) serves as a regulated and legally recognized pathway that allows access to essential medicines not yet approved or marketed locally.
This guide explains the legal framework, eligibility, documentation, benefits, and regulatory safeguards of the Named Patient Program in India.
Rare Disease Burden in India: Why NPP Matters?
Rare diseases collectively affect a significant population worldwide. Globally, rare diseases impact an estimated 300 million people, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and international rare disease alliances. In India alone, experts estimate that 6–8% of the population may be living with a rare disease.
Key realities in India:
- Around 80% of rare diseases are genetic in origin
- Many conditions are diagnosed late due to limited awareness
- Access to orphan drugs remains limited
- Most advanced therapies are manufactured outside India
- Treatment costs can be high without policy coverage
Although India introduced the National Policy for Rare Diseases, domestic development of orphan drugs remains limited. As a result, patients frequently depend on international access routes.
The Named Patient Program in India bridges this critical gap, enabling legal import of life-saving medicines when no approved alternative is available locally.
What Is the Named Patient Program in India?
The Named Patient Program allows patients, on the recommendation of a Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP), to import small quantities of medicines that are not approved or marketed in India for personal use.
This pathway is designed to:
- Address urgent medical needs
- Provide regulated early access
- Maintain regulatory oversight
- Ensure patient safety
Legal Basis of the Named Patient Program in India
The program operates under:
- Rule 36 of the Drugs & Cosmetics Rules, 1945 – permits the import of small quantities of unapproved drugs for personal use
- Form 12A – Application submitted to CDSCO
- Form 12B – Import permit issued by CDSCO
- Relevant provisions under the Drugs & Cosmetics Act, 1940
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) regulates the process to ensure accountability and safety.
This structured legal mechanism ensures that access to unapproved medicines remains controlled, documented, and medically justified.
National Policy for Rare Diseases: Government Support
The Government of India introduced the National Policy for Rare Diseases (NPRD) to improve rare disease management.
Key features include:
- Establishment of a National Rare Disease Registry
- Identification of Centres of Excellence
- Financial assistance of up to ₹50 lakhs per patient for selected conditions
- Customs duty exemptions for certain life-saving imported medicines
However, since coverage applies to specific listed diseases only, many patients continue to rely on the Named Patient Program in India for access to critical therapies.
When Is the Named Patient Program Used?
The NPP pathway is typically used when:
- The patient has a serious or life-threatening condition
- The required medicine is not approved or marketed in India
- The drug has been withdrawn locally
- No alternative treatment is available
The program has supported patients with:
- Rare genetic disorders
- Neuromuscular diseases
- Oncology conditions
- Hematological disorders
- Metabolic syndromes
- Immunodeficiencies
Step-by-Step Process: How to Apply Under the Named Patient Program in India
- Medical Prescription: A Registered Medical Practitioner prescribes the medicine and provides medical justification.
- Application Submission (Form 12A): Application is submitted to CDSCO with supporting documents.
- Permit Issuance (Form 12B): Upon review, CDSCO issues an import permit. Processing timelines may vary depending on documentation completeness.
- Import & Customs Clearance: Medicine is imported under permit and cleared through customs in compliance with regulations.
Documents Required for NPP Import:
- From the Physician: Valid prescription, medical council registration number; diagnosis details, and treatment duration and dosage
- From the Patient: Clinical records, Identity proof, and address proof
- From the Supplier: Invoice, manufacturer details, drug name and quantity, and regulatory documentation if required
Benefits of the Named Patient Program in India
The program provides:
- Legal access to innovative global medicines
- Timely treatment access for rare diseases
- Regulatory oversight and safety review
- Customs duty exemptions for certain life-saving drugs
- Structured and documented import process
For many families, the Named Patient Program in India is the only viable pathway to obtain advanced therapies.
Common Challenges in Personal Drug Import:
Despite being legal, challenges include:
- Detailed documentation requirements
- Regulatory scrutiny for unapproved drugs
- Customs coordination complexities
- Varying interpretations depending on drug classification
Professional assistance can help ensure smooth processing and compliance.
Examples of Medicines Accessed via NPP:
Medicines accessed through NPP may include treatments for:
- Wilson`s disease
- Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
- Hemophilia
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Thalassemia
- Sickle cell anemia
- Primary immunodeficiency
- Rare metabolic conditions
Availability depends on regulatory review and medical necessity.
Role of Ikris Pharma Network- A Professional Import Assistance Provider:
Organizations such as Ikris Pharma Network support patients and hospitals by:
- Preparing Form 12A/12B documentation
- Coordinating with CDSCO
- Managing regulatory paperwork
- Handling temperature-controlled shipping
- Ensuring compliant customs clearance
- Tracking regulatory updates
This structured support reduces delays and ensures compliance at every step.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is the Named Patient Program in India legal?
Yes. The Named Patient Program in India is legally permitted under Rule 36 of the Drugs & Cosmetics Rules, 1945, with authorization from the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO). It allows patients to import small quantities of medicines not approved or marketed in India for personal use under medical supervision.
This pathway ensures regulatory oversight while enabling access to life-saving treatments unavailable domestically.
How long does it take for approval under the Named Patient Program in India?
Approval timelines typically depend on the completeness of documentation and regulatory review by CDSCO. When all required documents are properly submitted, processing is often prioritized for serious or life-threatening conditions.
Incomplete documentation may result in delays.
Are customs duties applicable to medicines imported under the Named Patient Program?
Certain life-saving medicines imported for rare disease treatment may be exempt from basic customs duty under the Government of India notifications. Applicability depends on:
- Drug classification
- Indication
- Current customs regulations
Patients should verify eligibility before import.
Can hospitals apply on behalf of patients under the Named Patient Program?
Yes. Hospitals and Registered Medical Practitioners (RMPs) can coordinate and submit applications on behalf of patients. The prescribing doctor must justify medical necessity and provide proper documentation as required by CDSCO.
This is common for rare diseases, oncology, and life-threatening conditions.
Which is the best-named patient import company in India?
When selecting the best-named patient import company in India, patients and hospitals should consider:
- Experience with CDSCO documentation (Form 12A / 12B)
- Knowledge of Rule 36 compliance
- Temperature-controlled logistics capability
- Transparent communication and regulatory coordination
- Proven experience with rare and life-saving medicines
Ikris Pharma Network supports patients and healthcare institutions in navigating the Named Patient Program in India by assisting with documentation preparation, regulatory coordination, compliant sourcing, and secure import handling of prescribed medicines.
How the Named Patient Program in India Helps Patients Access Unapproved Medicines?
The Named Patient Program in India offers a regulated and legally structured solution for accessing medicines unavailable domestically. For patients facing rare or life-threatening conditions, this pathway ensures controlled access to essential therapies while maintaining regulatory safeguards.
With proper documentation and guidance, families can navigate the system more effectively and obtain timely treatment.
Disclaimer:
This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your treating physician before making treatment decisions.
Important Note:
Ikris Pharma Network facilitates access to prescribed medicines through the Named Patient import pathway in compliance with Indian regulations. The organization does not claim ownership of trademarks and operates under applicable laws, including fair use provisions under the Trademark Act, 1999. Medicines are sourced from authorized manufacturers or licensed distributors in accordance with regulatory requirements.
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